Instructional Design Models
Post assignments, reflections all in the blog.
The Dick & Carey Systems Approach Model
View instruction- breaking it down into smaller parts(common factors)..skills and knowledge of what needs to be learned...then what is ideal. If you give them instructional material in pieces..they will learn.Develop the test first....Then what worked and what didn't work. Make changes/revising. It's trial and error. This approach is to teach to the test instead of getting to know the learner. It also doesn't allow for mistakes. (Good when teaching Safety to students)
Reigeluth's Elaboration Theory
ZOOM- outer space to earth in an office7 Steps of elaboration- 1. Sequencing- breaking idea down into chunks.2. Organize- everything in order that they need.3. Systemanticaly reviewing what they are learning (like spiral)4.5. Analogy...helps build on prior knowledge6. 7. Learner control..freedom of the learning to pick the sequence.Pro-gives you strategies, student directed, places value of sequencing, what details they need to investigate.Con- More a model than a learning, limited to three different ways to learn
Merrill's First Principals of Instruction
From Utah State
Real World Problem- to solve
1. Activate your prior knowledge..apply what you know to solve problem.
2. Demonstration- real info, media is good
3. Application-Practice time to preform
4. Integration- Learner takes the knowledge and then applies it.
pro- very hands on, applying background knowledge
con- follow each stage or it breaks down
Ragan and Smith - Instructional Design Model
First..assess...needs...environment, students performance, analyze
Try to balance... and then connect...what you want them to learn with their background knowledge...
Help them think through the process.
ADDIE- Analyze, Design,Determine, I, Evaluation in every stage
Pilot test...evaluate
Pro-assessing , assessing
Con- too complex, more like a framework for understanding models, you have to understand models to understand this model
Kemp's Instructional Design Model
Nine different components. Constant evaluation in the design- planning and revision.
Pro- make changes..because of revision often. Documenting what you are doing so you can see what you are doing.
Con- production more, time consuming, could make it into a "pet" project
Good for someone who is selling something.
Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction
Move the teacher responsibility to the students responsibility. 1. Presenting knowledge 2. Provide practice 3. Learner guidance 4. First, gain attention in the topic( hook) Next, How are we going to demonstrate the knowledge, next, simulate the prior knowledge. Next,...chunking the information..teaching...then practice and try it on their own. 7. Provide informative feedback 8. Assess Permance 9. Enhance Retention and transfer..continue to review and learn.
Pro- more chance of retention- use it the way the mind works. From teacher to learner
Con- reorder or elimate one of the steps
Kirkpatrick
Evaluation of how you did. Seeing the reactions, learning, transfer to the real world, and then results...did sales go up...things change.
Backward Design Model
1. Identify your desired results, students know what they are going to learn
2. then determine acceptable evidence (what you want them to learn),
3.then plan learning experiences and instructions
example: Look at state core, etc..research
2. What level are you going to measure them
Student friendly
3. Hands on, techniques
****What do you really want them to know...the big idea. Is the center of it all...the rest circles around it. Put the rocks first in the jar and then add the sand around it.
Pros- uses blooms taxonimony
Cons-time consuming, know the model
Post assignments, reflections all in the blog.
The Dick & Carey Systems Approach Model
View instruction- breaking it down into smaller parts(common factors)..skills and knowledge of what needs to be learned...then what is ideal. If you give them instructional material in pieces..they will learn.Develop the test first....Then what worked and what didn't work. Make changes/revising. It's trial and error. This approach is to teach to the test instead of getting to know the learner. It also doesn't allow for mistakes. (Good when teaching Safety to students)
Reigeluth's Elaboration Theory
ZOOM- outer space to earth in an office7 Steps of elaboration- 1. Sequencing- breaking idea down into chunks.2. Organize- everything in order that they need.3. Systemanticaly reviewing what they are learning (like spiral)4.5. Analogy...helps build on prior knowledge6. 7. Learner control..freedom of the learning to pick the sequence.Pro-gives you strategies, student directed, places value of sequencing, what details they need to investigate.Con- More a model than a learning, limited to three different ways to learn
Merrill's First Principals of Instruction
From Utah State
Real World Problem- to solve
1. Activate your prior knowledge..apply what you know to solve problem.
2. Demonstration- real info, media is good
3. Application-Practice time to preform
4. Integration- Learner takes the knowledge and then applies it.
pro- very hands on, applying background knowledge
con- follow each stage or it breaks down
Ragan and Smith - Instructional Design Model
First..assess...needs...environment, students performance, analyze
Try to balance... and then connect...what you want them to learn with their background knowledge...
Help them think through the process.
ADDIE- Analyze, Design,Determine, I, Evaluation in every stage
Pilot test...evaluate
Pro-assessing , assessing
Con- too complex, more like a framework for understanding models, you have to understand models to understand this model
Kemp's Instructional Design Model
Nine different components. Constant evaluation in the design- planning and revision.
Pro- make changes..because of revision often. Documenting what you are doing so you can see what you are doing.
Con- production more, time consuming, could make it into a "pet" project
Good for someone who is selling something.
Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction
Move the teacher responsibility to the students responsibility. 1. Presenting knowledge 2. Provide practice 3. Learner guidance 4. First, gain attention in the topic( hook) Next, How are we going to demonstrate the knowledge, next, simulate the prior knowledge. Next,...chunking the information..teaching...then practice and try it on their own. 7. Provide informative feedback 8. Assess Permance 9. Enhance Retention and transfer..continue to review and learn.
Pro- more chance of retention- use it the way the mind works. From teacher to learner
Con- reorder or elimate one of the steps
Kirkpatrick
Evaluation of how you did. Seeing the reactions, learning, transfer to the real world, and then results...did sales go up...things change.
Backward Design Model
1. Identify your desired results, students know what they are going to learn
2. then determine acceptable evidence (what you want them to learn),
3.then plan learning experiences and instructions
example: Look at state core, etc..research
2. What level are you going to measure them
Student friendly
3. Hands on, techniques
****What do you really want them to know...the big idea. Is the center of it all...the rest circles around it. Put the rocks first in the jar and then add the sand around it.
Pros- uses blooms taxonimony
Cons-time consuming, know the model
Rapid Prototyping Model
Test key features of a design- Computer based1. Assess needs 2. Set objectives 3. Make a prototype (and get it out their right away and let the people tell us what's wrong) 4. Research...(round and round trying it out) 5.
Pro- active in the process of creating things. Lots of feedback and redoingSample: Data dashboard(lots of teachers use)Con- looking for a Faster cheaper model, not ever good enough
Test key features of a design- Computer based1. Assess needs 2. Set objectives 3. Make a prototype (and get it out their right away and let the people tell us what's wrong) 4. Research...(round and round trying it out) 5.
Pro- active in the process of creating things. Lots of feedback and redoingSample: Data dashboard(lots of teachers use)Con- looking for a Faster cheaper model, not ever good enough
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